The COMBAT Consortium is working to understand why some patients become severely ill with COVID-19. We aim to use this knowledge to help identify more effective biomarkers and support development of targeted therapies to improve outcomes for patients.
Here we provide a web tool to visualise the results of deep immune phenoytyping in peripheral blood, showing findings for patient donors with COVID-19 of varying severity and comparing with results from patients with influenza and sepsis, and with healthy donors.
For more information on COMBAT please see our preprint here, and COMBAT website
![]() |
Explore differences in gene expression and protein abundance using the search function Gene and Protein Search | |
![]() |
Hallmarks COVID-19 severity COVID-19 vs influenza COVID-19 vs sepsis |
![]() |
Mass cytometry (CyTOF) | Data for whole blood on 126 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, and healthy). Results for non-depleted and granulocyte depleted profiling using specific CyTOF panels | Visualise cell composition |
![]() |
Transcriptomics (Total RNA-seq) | Data for whole blood on 123 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, and healthy) using total RNA sequencing (23,063 features) | Visualise gene expression |
![]() |
Single cell composition (CITE-seq) | Data for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) on 122 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, influenza, and healthy) using CITEseq (multimodal cluster annotation by cell type, major and minor subsets | Visualise cell composition |
![]() |
Single cell gene expression (CITE-seq) | Single cell expression data for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) on 122 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, influenza, and healthy) using CITEseq | Visualise gene expression |
![]() |
B and T cell repertoire | Data for whole blood on 77 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, and healthy) using bulk sequencing; and PBMC on 122 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, influenza, and healthy) using CITEseq (multimodal cluster annotation). | Visualise repertoire |
![]() |
Proteomics (mass spectrometry) | Data for plasma on 257 donors (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, and healthy) using high throughput liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry quantifying 105 proteins | Visualise protein abundance |
![]() |
Proteomics (luminex) | Data for plasma and serum on 171 and 75 donors respectively (hospitalised and community COVID-19, sepsis, influenza, and healthy) using luminex immunoassay. quantifying 51 circulating cytokine and chemokine proteins. | Visualise protein abundance |